The Office — Season 6 Episode 6
Words & meanings
399 words
CEFR level
words showing happiness for someone's success
In scenewords showing happiness for someone's success
Congratulations on your graduation
Congratulations on your graduation
perhaps
In sceneperhaps
Maybe he is late
Maybe he is late
possibly; used to express uncertainty
possibly; used to express uncertainty
Maybe it will rain
Maybe it will rain
something that might happen or be true
something that might happen or be true
It is a maybe
It is a maybe
to no longer be a problem or nuisance to someone
In sceneto no longer be a problem or nuisance to someone
I will finish my work and get out of your hair
I will finish my work and get out of your hair
from outside a group or place
In scenefrom outside a group or place
He is an outside consultant
He is an outside consultant
not including (someone or something)
not including (someone or something)
Outside of this small issue the project is complete
Outside of this small issue the project is complete
the outer surface or part of something
the outer surface or part of something
The outside of the box is blue
The outside of the box is blue
in or to a place that is not inside a building
in or to a place that is not inside a building
The kids are playing outside
The kids are playing outside
to tell someone something
In sceneto tell someone something
I will let you know when I arrive
I will let you know when I arrive
a journey to different places
In scenea journey to different places
We took a tour of the city
We took a tour of the city
to go from one place to another
to go from one place to another
The band will tour the country
The band will tour the country
to go around a place to see it
to go around a place to see it
We toured the old museum
We toured the old museum
existing as a fact
In sceneexisting as a fact
This is a real diamond
This is a real diamond
used to emphasize that something is true
In sceneused to emphasize that something is true
He is real quiet
He is real quiet
not fancy or complex
not fancy or complex
He prefers a real and simple lifestyle
He prefers a real and simple lifestyle
a person who believes in a system where the community owns the means of production
a person who believes in a system where the community owns the means of production
He is a real who believes in common ownership
He is a real who believes in common ownership
a long song for a solo voice in an opera
In scenea long song for a solo voice in an opera
The soprano sang a beautiful aria
The soprano sang a beautiful aria
to make sounds showing you think something is funny
In sceneto make sounds showing you think something is funny
He laughs at the joke
He laughs at the joke
something funny that makes people smile or make sounds of amusement
something funny that makes people smile or make sounds of amusement
That joke was a good laugh
That joke was a good laugh
the sound made when happy or amused
the sound made when happy or amused
I heard her laugh
I heard her laugh
an informal word for men
In scenean informal word for men
Those guys are tall
Those guys are tall
people | an informal word for a group of people
people | an informal word for a group of people
Hi guys
Hi guys
an informal word for a man
an informal word for a man
He is a nice guy
He is a nice guy
informal word for a group of people
informal word for a group of people
Listen guys
Listen guys
a glass or plastic container for liquids
In scenea glass or plastic container for liquids
The water is in the bottle
The water is in the bottle
to put something into a bottle
to put something into a bottle
They bottle the wine
They bottle the wine
an official statement given to news organizations
In scenean official statement given to news organizations
The company sent a press release to the media
The company sent a press release to the media
an official statement given to the media
an official statement given to the media
The company issued a press release today
The company issued a press release today
to make a new product available to the public
to make a new product available to the public
The company issued a press release
The company issued a press release
relating to a particular person
In scenerelating to a particular person
This is a personal matter
This is a personal matter
connected with a specific person
In sceneconnected with a specific person
I have a personal opinion
I have a personal opinion
relating to someone's character in a way that might be hurtful
relating to someone's character in a way that might be hurtful
His comments were too personal
His comments were too personal
to no longer have something
In sceneto no longer have something
I lost my ring
I lost my ring
to not win a fight, game, or contest
to not win a fight, game, or contest
The team lost the match
The team lost the match
to not know where someone or something is
to not know where someone or something is
I lost my keys
I lost my keys
to not understand what someone is saying
to not understand what someone is saying
You are losing me
You are losing me
to not know where you are
to not know where you are
I always lose my keys
I always lose my keys
to be beaten in a game or competition
to be beaten in a game or competition
We did not want to lose the game
We did not want to lose the game
to stop living
to stop living
She lost her father last year
She lost her father last year
to not win a game or contest
to not win a game or contest
They will lose the match
They will lose the match
to no longer have something
to no longer have something
I do not want to lose this chance
I do not want to lose this chance
to not be able to understand something
to not be able to understand something
I lost you when you talked about science
I lost you when you talked about science
to be unable to find something
to be unable to find something
Did you lose your wallet
Did you lose your wallet
to stop having something you had before
to stop having something you had before
He lost his job yesterday
He lost his job yesterday
to stop having something
to stop having something
I lost my focus
I lost my focus
to no longer have something
to no longer have something
I often lose my keys
I often lose my keys
a small cucumber preserved in vinegar or brine
In scenea small cucumber preserved in vinegar or brine
I ate a pickle with my lunch
I ate a pickle with my lunch
to keep food in vinegar or salt water
In sceneto keep food in vinegar or salt water
I like to pickle vegetables
I like to pickle vegetables
a difficult or tricky situation
a difficult or tricky situation
I am in a pickle
I am in a pickle
the number 10
In scenethe number 10
I have ten apples
I have ten apples
despite the fact that; used to introduce a contrasting idea
In scenedespite the fact that; used to introduce a contrasting idea
Although it was raining, we went out
Although it was raining, we went out
a story about magical creatures and events, usually for children
In scenea story about magical creatures and events, usually for children
This book is full of fairy tales
This book is full of fairy tales
not real, like a story for children
not real, like a story for children
She likes reading fairy tales
She likes reading fairy tales
like a story with magic and happy endings
like a story with magic and happy endings
They had a fairy-tale wedding
They had a fairy-tale wedding
to a great degree
In sceneto a great degree
He messed up big time
He messed up big time
great fame or success
great fame or success
She finally made it to the big time
She finally made it to the big time
to a great degree
to a great degree
You messed up big time
You messed up big time
very large or important
very large or important
He finally made it to the big time
He finally made it to the big time
to a large degree
to a large degree
He messed up big time
He messed up big time
a piece of a whole
In scenea piece of a whole
The engine has many parts
The engine has many parts
a character in a play or film
a character in a play or film
He played a small part
He played a small part
to move away from each other
to move away from each other
They parted at the airport
They parted at the airport
a building where materials are made or processed
In scenea building where materials are made or processed
The old mill is by the river
The old mill is by the river
a device for grinding or crushing a substance into powder
a device for grinding or crushing a substance into powder
I use a small mill to grind coffee beans
I use a small mill to grind coffee beans
a place where grain is ground into flour
a place where grain is ground into flour
Grain is ground at the mill
Grain is ground at the mill
a particular time or event
In scenea particular time or event
It was a special occasion
It was a special occasion
to make something happen
to make something happen
His comments occasioned much debate
His comments occasioned much debate
something that happens, often bad or unusual
In scenesomething that happens, often bad or unusual
It was a strange incident
It was a strange incident
to give someone a more important job or position
In sceneto give someone a more important job or position
He was promoted to manager
He was promoted to manager
to make something known or encourage support for it
to make something known or encourage support for it
They are promoting their new book
They are promoting their new book
to ask someone for information or advice
In sceneto ask someone for information or advice
I need to check with my boss
I need to check with my boss
to ask someone for information or confirmation
to ask someone for information or confirmation
I need to check with my boss first
I need to check with my boss first
very bad or unpleasant
In scenevery bad or unpleasant
The weather is horrible
The weather is horrible
to a very great degree
to a very great degree
There was a horrible amount of work
There was a horrible amount of work
very bad or unpleasant
very bad or unpleasant
This is a horrible smell
This is a horrible smell
very bad or unpleasant
very bad or unpleasant
The food was horrible
The food was horrible
to say something to someone
In sceneto say something to someone
Tell me your name
Tell me your name
to know or recognize something
to know or recognize something
I can't tell them apart
I can't tell them apart
a type of acting without a script
In scenea type of acting without a script
He is great at improv
He is great at improv
acting without a script
acting without a script
The actors performed improv
The actors performed improv
a short, unplanned performance made up on the spot
a short, unplanned performance made up on the spot
They did some funny improv on stage
They did some funny improv on stage
to start to be in a particular condition
In sceneto start to be in a particular condition
He fell into a deep sleep
He fell into a deep sleep
to be deceived by a trick or mistake
to be deceived by a trick or mistake
They fell into his trap
They fell into his trap
to be part of a group or category
to be part of a group or category
This item falls into that category
This item falls into that category
to become organized or work well as a whole
to become organized or work well as a whole
Everything will fall into place soon
Everything will fall into place soon
to have an idea or opinion
In sceneto have an idea or opinion
I think it is a good idea
I think it is a good idea
to use your mind to form thoughts or opinions
In sceneto use your mind to form thoughts or opinions
I need to think
I need to think
to have a particular meaning
to have a particular meaning
I think he is coming
I think he is coming
to comprehend or grasp
to comprehend or grasp
I think I understand
I think I understand
not a single thing
In scenenot a single thing
There is nothing here
There is nothing here
not a single thing
not a single thing
I have nothing in my hand
I have nothing in my hand
still there after others have gone
still there after others have gone
There is nothing left
There is nothing left
not anything
not anything
There is nothing in the box
There is nothing in the box
a shivery feeling from cold or fear
In scenea shivery feeling from cold or fear
I had chills because of the cold
I had chills because of the cold
a feeling of being cold
a feeling of being cold
The cold wind gave me chills
The cold wind gave me chills
a feeling of being cold and shaking
a feeling of being cold and shaking
He felt chills in the cold weather
He felt chills in the cold weather
a two-wheeled electric transport device
In scenea two-wheeled electric transport device
She rode a Segway around the city
She rode a Segway around the city
a word used when leaving
In scenea word used when leaving
Bye, see you tomorrow
Bye, see you tomorrow
a short, informal way to say farewell
a short, informal way to say farewell
Bye, mom
Bye, mom
very bad
In scenevery bad
The weather was terrible
The weather was terrible
something very unpleasant
something very unpleasant
The weather is terrible today
The weather is terrible today
extremely unpleasant or of low quality
extremely unpleasant or of low quality
The weather is terrible today
The weather is terrible today
to a previous place or position
In sceneto a previous place or position
Please come back
Please come back
the part that is behind or at the back of something
the part that is behind or at the back of something
My back hurts
My back hurts
to reply to someone's message
to reply to someone's message
I will write back soon
I will write back soon
to support someone or something
to support someone or something
I will back you up
I will back you up
the state of not having something
In scenethe state of not having something
There is a lack of water
There is a lack of water
to not have something that is needed
to not have something that is needed
We lack the money to buy a car
We lack the money to buy a car
not having enough of something
not having enough of something
There is a lack of food
There is a lack of food
to rest with your eyes closed
In sceneto rest with your eyes closed
I need to sleep
I need to sleep
a subject or situation that you have to deal with
In scenea subject or situation that you have to deal with
This is a private matter
This is a private matter
to be of significance or relevance
to be of significance or relevance
It does not matter to me
It does not matter to me
a short period of time
a short period of time
It happened in a matter of days
It happened in a matter of days
the material that things are made of
the material that things are made of
Everything is made of matter
Everything is made of matter
significance or relevance
significance or relevance
This work is a matter of great importance
This work is a matter of great importance
a difficult or troubling situation
a difficult or troubling situation
I have a private matter to discuss with you
I have a private matter to discuss with you
a topic or situation being discussed
a topic or situation being discussed
We should focus on the matter at hand
We should focus on the matter at hand
a physical material or substance
a physical material or substance
Everything in the universe is made of matter
Everything in the universe is made of matter
a subject or situation being discussed
a subject or situation being discussed
Let us talk about a different matter
Let us talk about a different matter
as a result of
In sceneas a result of
We stayed home because of the rain
We stayed home because of the rain
due to something
due to something
The game was canceled because of the rain
The game was canceled because of the rain
as a result of
as a result of
We stayed at home because of the rain
We stayed at home because of the rain
on account of
on account of
We stayed home because of the rain
We stayed home because of the rain
a piece of equipment designed for a specific purpose
In scenea piece of equipment designed for a specific purpose
This is a useful device
This is a useful device
at some time in the future
In sceneat some time in the future
Someday I will travel the world
Someday I will travel the world
at some time that is not now
at some time that is not now
I hope to visit Japan someday
I hope to visit Japan someday
silly or unreasonable
In scenesilly or unreasonable
That is a ridiculous idea
That is a ridiculous idea
in a way that is silly or unreasonable
in a way that is silly or unreasonable
The price is ridiculous
The price is ridiculous
very silly or unreasonable
very silly or unreasonable
You look ridiculous in that hat
You look ridiculous in that hat
very foolish or unreasonable
very foolish or unreasonable
Your idea is completely ridiculous
Your idea is completely ridiculous
to move beyond or overcome something
In sceneto move beyond or overcome something
It took her a long time to get past the failure
It took her a long time to get past the failure
to move beyond something or someone
to move beyond something or someone
Can you let me get past
Can you let me get past
to go beyond something or someone
to go beyond something or someone
We need to get past the crowd
We need to get past the crowd
to go past something that blocks you
to go past something that blocks you
I cannot get past the closed door
I cannot get past the closed door
feeling regret or expressing apology
In scenefeeling regret or expressing apology
I am sorry for being late
I am sorry for being late
a period of seven days
In scenea period of seven days
I will see you next week
I will see you next week
a period of seven days
a period of seven days
There are seven days in a week
There are seven days in a week
easy to see, hear, or understand
In sceneeasy to see, hear, or understand
The answer is clear
The answer is clear
to decide that someone is not guilty of a crime
to decide that someone is not guilty of a crime
The evidence helped to clear him of the crime
The evidence helped to clear him of the crime
allowing light to pass through so objects behind can be seen clearly
allowing light to pass through so objects behind can be seen clearly
The water in the lake is clear
The water in the lake is clear
free from obstacles or problems
free from obstacles or problems
The road ahead is clear
The road ahead is clear
a place to sit
In scenea place to sit
Please take your seat
Please take your seat
to be given to someone as a right or reward
to be given to someone as a right or reward
She won a seat in parliament
She won a seat in parliament
to have space for a number of people
to have space for a number of people
The room seats ten people
The room seats ten people
to show someone where to sit
to show someone where to sit
The host seated us
The host seated us
used to show something is surprising or extreme
In sceneused to show something is surprising or extreme
He didn't even say hello
He didn't even say hello
having no debt or advantage on either side
having no debt or advantage on either side
Now we are even
Now we are even
to make an effort to do something
to make an effort to do something
You should even to reach your goal
You should even to reach your goal
a smaller amount or number
a smaller amount or number
Four is an even number
Four is an even number
a section of something
In scenea section of something
This is a small segment of the market
This is a small segment of the market
a person from Puerto Rico
In scenea person from Puerto Rico
He is Puerto Rican
He is Puerto Rican
a person from Puerto Rico
a person from Puerto Rico
He is Puerto Rican
He is Puerto Rican
to need to pay or give something to someone
In sceneto need to pay or give something to someone
I owe you ten dollars
I owe you ten dollars
caused by or happening because of something
caused by or happening because of something
He owes his success to hard work
He owes his success to hard work
to need to pay or give something to someone
to need to pay or give something to someone
I owe you five dollars
I owe you five dollars
a planned gathering of people
In scenea planned gathering of people
I have a meeting at ten
I have a meeting at ten
to bring or come together in one place
to bring or come together in one place
I have a meeting tomorrow
I have a meeting tomorrow
to come into contact with someone or something
to come into contact with someone or something
I had a meeting with my friend
I had a meeting with my friend
a planned gathering with someone
a planned gathering with someone
I have a meeting with my doctor
I have a meeting with my doctor
an event where people come together to talk
an event where people come together to talk
We have a meeting at ten o clock
We have a meeting at ten o clock
in any case
In scenein any case
It's raining, but I'll go anyway
It's raining, but I'll go anyway
used to change the subject or continue after a pause
used to change the subject or continue after a pause
Anyway let us continue with the lesson
Anyway let us continue with the lesson
good-looking, especially in a strong or elegant way
In scenegood-looking, especially in a strong or elegant way
He is very handsome
He is very handsome
to react too strongly to something
In sceneto react too strongly to something
Don't overreact to the news
Don't overreact to the news
a written or spoken account of facts or events
In scenea written or spoken account of facts or events
The police have a record of the accident
The police have a record of the accident
the best or highest level ever done
the best or highest level ever done
He broke the world record
He broke the world record
a flat disc that stores music or sound
a flat disc that stores music or sound
I listen to music on an old record
I listen to music on an old record
to store sound, video, or information for later use
to store sound, video, or information for later use
Please record the meeting
Please record the meeting
relating to a particular area or community
In scenerelating to a particular area or community
We buy our food from a local market
We buy our food from a local market
a public bus that stops at all or most stops along its route
a public bus that stops at all or most stops along its route
I take the local bus to work
I take the local bus to work
a person who lives in a particular area
a person who lives in a particular area
The locals are very friendly here
The locals are very friendly here
a building or area used for a particular purpose
a building or area used for a particular purpose
He met his friends at his local
He met his friends at his local
showing strong feelings in a way that is not natural
In sceneshowing strong feelings in a way that is not natural
She gave a dramatic sigh
She gave a dramatic sigh
very beautiful or noticeable in a way that makes you feel strong emotion
very beautiful or noticeable in a way that makes you feel strong emotion
The mountains had a dramatic view
The mountains had a dramatic view
full of emotion or excitement
full of emotion or excitement
Her reaction was very dramatic
Her reaction was very dramatic
very great or noticeable
very great or noticeable
There was a dramatic change in the weather
There was a dramatic change in the weather
full of strong feeling or emotion
full of strong feeling or emotion
She gave a dramatic performance
She gave a dramatic performance
an unexpected and harmful event
In scenean unexpected and harmful event
It was a car accident
It was a car accident
an unexpected event that causes damage or injury
an unexpected event that causes damage or injury
There was a car accident yesterday
There was a car accident yesterday
something that happens without being planned
something that happens without being planned
It was just an accident
It was just an accident
to take action to manage a task, problem, or difficulty
In sceneto take action to manage a task, problem, or difficulty
I will deal with the problem tomorrow
I will deal with the problem tomorrow
to be concerned with or discuss a specific subject
to be concerned with or discuss a specific subject
This book deals with ancient history
This book deals with ancient history
to engage in business or communication with a person
to engage in business or communication with a person
I do not like dealing with rude people
I do not like dealing with rude people
to take action to solve a problem
to take action to solve a problem
I have to deal with this problem
I have to deal with this problem
talk about other people's private lives
In scenetalk about other people's private lives
I don't like gossip
I don't like gossip
informal talk about other people's private lives
informal talk about other people's private lives
They love sharing gossip
They love sharing gossip
to share personal or private information about others
to share personal or private information about others
They love to gossip
They love to gossip
a person who likes to share personal or private information about others
a person who likes to share personal or private information about others
He is such a gossip
He is such a gossip
at the location where the speaker is
In sceneat the location where the speaker is
Come up here and sit with me
Come up here and sit with me
many times or often
In scenemany times or often
He travels a lot
He travels a lot
to a great extent
In sceneto a great extent
I miss you a lot
I miss you a lot
a large number or amount
a large number or amount
I have a lot of friends
I have a lot of friends
relating to physical pleasure or the senses
In scenerelating to physical pleasure or the senses
The music had a sensual rhythm
The music had a sensual rhythm
used to show agreement or that something is fine
In sceneused to show agreement or that something is fine
Alright, I will go
Alright, I will go
a piece of furniture with a flat surface for writing or working
In scenea piece of furniture with a flat surface for writing or working
The book is on the desk
The book is on the desk
to work at a desk
to work at a desk
I will desk for the whole day
I will desk for the whole day
a specific area or department in a news organization
a specific area or department in a news organization
Please put the book on the desk
Please put the book on the desk
used to express that something is a pity or regrettable
In sceneused to express that something is a pity or regrettable
Too bad you cannot come
Too bad you cannot come
completely, from top to bottom
In scenecompletely, from top to bottom
Pull the lever all the way down
Pull the lever all the way down
to plan or arrange something at a particular time
In sceneto plan or arrange something at a particular time
I will schedule a meeting
I will schedule a meeting
a list of planned activities and times for them
a list of planned activities and times for them
Check the schedule for today
Check the schedule for today
the act of making a plan for when things will happen
the act of making a plan for when things will happen
I need to make a schedule for the week
I need to make a schedule for the week
a plan of events or tasks
a plan of events or tasks
My schedule is very busy
My schedule is very busy
a statement saying you are sorry
In scenea statement saying you are sorry
Please accept my apology
Please accept my apology
an expression of regret for a mistake
an expression of regret for a mistake
I owe you an apology
I owe you an apology
words that say you are sorry
words that say you are sorry
She accepted his apology
She accepted his apology
not easy; hard
In scenenot easy; hard
He had a rough year
He had a rough year
not exact; not completely accurate
not exact; not completely accurate
This is just a rough estimate
This is just a rough estimate
not smooth; having an uneven surface
not smooth; having an uneven surface
The rock is rough
The rock is rough
using force that is not gentle
using force that is not gentle
The game was very rough
The game was very rough
unusual or odd
In sceneunusual or odd
This is a weird smell
This is a weird smell
to make someone feel strange or uncomfortable
to make someone feel strange or uncomfortable
He weirded me out
He weirded me out
to make someone feel strange or uneasy
to make someone feel strange or uneasy
His comment really weirded me out
His comment really weirded me out
not normal or ordinary
not normal or ordinary
He had a weird dream last night
He had a weird dream last night
to urge someone to do something
In sceneto urge someone to do something
Come on, you can do it
Come on, you can do it
to start to be seen or happen
to start to be seen or happen
A smile came on his face
A smile came on his face
to move toward or nearer to something
to move toward or nearer to something
He came on toward the house
He came on toward the house
to take part in an event or activity
to take part in an event or activity
Do you want to come on the trip with us
Do you want to come on the trip with us
an act of inviting someone to do something
an act of inviting someone to do something
She gave him a come-on to start a conversation
She gave him a come-on to start a conversation
used to tell someone to hurry or try harder
used to tell someone to hurry or try harder
Come on we are going to be late
Come on we are going to be late
to ask someone to hurry or try
to ask someone to hurry or try
Come on we will be late
Come on we will be late
to have or keep something as your property
In sceneto have or keep something as your property
They own a big house
They own a big house
by yourself or without help
by yourself or without help
I live on my own
I live on my own
a person who belongs to a particular group
a person who belongs to a particular group
He is one of our own
He is one of our own
to accept responsibility for something and deal with it confidently
to accept responsibility for something and deal with it confidently
He decided to own his mistakes
He decided to own his mistakes
to have a particular meaning or message
In sceneto have a particular meaning or message
What does this word mean
What does this word mean
the typical or middle value in a set of numbers
the typical or middle value in a set of numbers
This is a means of communication
This is a means of communication
to pause or clarify what you are saying
to pause or clarify what you are saying
I mean to say that we are late
I mean to say that we are late
very good or skillful
very good or skillful
She plays a mean tennis match
She plays a mean tennis match
used to pause or clarify what you are saying
used to pause or clarify what you are saying
I mean it is not raining today
I mean it is not raining today
to show or make clear what something is
to show or make clear what something is
A red light means stop
A red light means stop
to plan or want to do something
to plan or want to do something
I meant to call you earlier
I meant to call you earlier
a way of doing something
a way of doing something
They used a simple mean to fix it
They used a simple mean to fix it
to express or represent an idea
to express or represent an idea
The flag means our country
The flag means our country
not nice; cruel
not nice; cruel
He is very mean to me
He is very mean to me
to have your home in a place
In sceneto have your home in a place
We live in a big house
We live in a big house
having life
having life
The fish is still live
The fish is still live
the way a person or thing exists
the way a person or thing exists
Fish live in water
Fish live in water
happening at the same time as it is shown
happening at the same time as it is shown
The match is on live TV
The match is on live TV
to go through something
to go through something
I want to live new adventures
I want to live new adventures
to have your home in a place
to have your home in a place
I live in Istanbul
I live in Istanbul
to have knowledge of something
In sceneto have knowledge of something
He knew the truth
He knew the truth
understand | to have knowledge of something
understand | to have knowledge of something
I knew the answer
I knew the answer
the situation or environment in which something happens
In scenethe situation or environment in which something happens
The car is in good condition
The car is in good condition
a medical problem or disease
a medical problem or disease
He has a heart condition
He has a heart condition
something that must happen for something else to happen
something that must happen for something else to happen
I accept the condition
I accept the condition
to teach someone to behave in a certain way
to teach someone to behave in a certain way
The dog was conditioned to sit
The dog was conditioned to sit
at a time before the present
In sceneat a time before the present
I finished the work earlier today
I finished the work earlier today
happening or arriving before the expected time
happening or arriving before the expected time
The plane arrived earlier than expected
The plane arrived earlier than expected
happening or coming before a particular time
happening or coming before a particular time
We arrived earlier than our friends
We arrived earlier than our friends